What is the difference between a perm and a relaxer?

The distinction between a perm and a relaxer is primarily based on their effects on the hair. A perm is a chemical process designed to create curls or waves in hair that is naturally straight or has a very loose wave. This process involves using chemicals that break down the disulfide bonds in the hair, allowing it to be reshaped around curlers. Once the desired curl pattern is formed, a neutralizer is applied to help set the new shape.

In contrast, a relaxer is used to straighten naturally curly or wavy hair. It involves a different chemical process that alters the structure of the hair by breaking down the bonds that give hair its curl. This treatment results in smoother, straighter hair and can reduce frizz.

Understanding this fundamental difference is crucial for hairstylists and for clients when considering their options for styling. The other possibilities do not accurately capture the primary purpose or result of these two hair treatment methods. A perm is not limited to long hair, nor is a relaxer exclusive to short hair. Additionally, both procedures utilize chemical solutions rather than being solely reliant on heat or moisture.