What is the main ingredient in most relaxers?

The main ingredient in most relaxers is sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. These chemicals are classified as alkaline and serve to break down the disulfide bonds in the hair's keratin structure, allowing for a permanent straightening effect. Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye, is highly effective in altering the hair's structure, making it a popular choice for many chemical relaxers. Calcium hydroxide can also be used, often in combination with other ingredients to produce a milder formulation.

When using these products, it's essential to understand that they can significantly change the hair's natural texture, and proper application is critical to avoid damage. Sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide penetrate the hair shaft, causing the hair to soften and become more manageable, which is what makes them widely used in the category of hair relaxers.