What is the primary purpose of applying a neutralizer after a perm?

The primary purpose of applying a neutralizer after a perm is to stop the chemical process and set the curls. During the perm application, a waving solution breaks down the hair's disulfide bonds, allowing the hair to be reshaped. After achieving the desired curl pattern, it is essential to apply a neutralizer, which typically contains hydrogen peroxide or another oxidizing agent. This step is crucial as it re-forms the disulfide bonds in their new shape, effectively locking in the curls. Without this step, the hair would not maintain its new style, and the curls may unravel.

Adding shine to the hair, restoring moisture, and facilitating easier styling can be beneficial effects of different hair treatments or products but are not the primary functions of a neutralizer in the perming process. The focus on stopping the chemical process and ensuring the curls are set is what distinguishes the role of the neutralizer in the overall perm procedure.